Abstract | OBJECTIVE: In this study, we applied a spring-loaded impactor to deliver traumatic forces to articular cartilage in vivo. Based on our recent finding that a 0.28-J impact induces maximal catabolic response in adult bovine articular cartilage in vitro using this device, we hypothesize that this impact will induce the formation of a focal osteoarthritic defect in vivo. DESIGN: The femoral condyle of New Zealand White rabbits was exposed and one of the following procedures performed: 0.28 J impact, anterior cruciate ligament transection, articular surface grooving, or no joint or cartilage destruction (control). After 24 hours, 4 weeks, or 12 weeks (n = 3 for each time point), wounds were localized with India ink, and tissue samples were collected and characterized histomorphometrically with Safranin O/ Fast green staining and Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining for cell vitality. RESULTS: The spring-loaded device delivered reproducible impacts with the following characteristics: impact area of 1.39 ± 0.11 mm(2), calculated load of 326 ± 47.3 MPa, time-to-peak of 0.32 ± 0.03 ms, and an estimated maximal displacement of 25.1% ± 4.5% at the tip apex. The impact resulted in immediate cartilage fissuring and cell loss in the surface and intermediate zones, and it induced the formation of a focal lesion at 12 weeks. The degeneration was defined and appeared more slowly than after anterior cruciate ligament transection, and more pronounced and characteristic than after grooving. CONCLUSION: A single traumatic 0.28 J impact delivered with this spring-loaded impactor induces focal cartilage degeneration characteristic of osteoarthritis.
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Authors | Peter G Alexander, Jesse A McCarron, Matthew J Levine, Gary M Melvin, Patrick J Murray, Paul A Manner, Rocky S Tuan |
Journal | Cartilage
(Cartilage)
Vol. 3
Issue 4
Pg. 323-33
(Oct 2012)
ISSN: 1947-6035 [Print] United States |
PMID | 26069642
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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