Neurocognitive outcomes of children secondary to mild iodine deficiency in pregnant women.

Abstract

Iodine deficiency is the most important preventable cause of brain damage worldwide. During pregnancy, severe iodine deficiency causes endemic cretinism, whereas mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency impairs neurocognitive function of the offspring. Numerous reports demonstrate the impact of iodine supplementation on prevention of cretinism, and recent studies evaluate the effects of iodine prophylaxis on neurocognitive development in children of women with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. Iodine prophylaxis is generally well tolerated without side effects for the pregnant women and the offspring. In France, the iodine status was recently considered as satisfactory in children and adult population, but regional studies conducted during the last two decades have shown that healthy women are mild-to-moderately iodine deficient during pregnancy. According to recent World Heath Organization guidelines, systematic iodine prophylaxis is recommended in women planning a pregnancy, during gestation and lactation in order to prevent maternal, neonatal and infantile consequences of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency.

• Authors: Philippe Caron
• Journal: Annales d'endocrinologie (Ann Endocrinol (Paris)) Vol. 76 Issue 3 Pg. 248-52 (Jul 2015) ISSN: 2213-3941 [Electronic] France
• PMID: 25934357 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Iodine

Topics

• Adult
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Cognition
• Cognition Disorders (etiology)
• Congenital Hypothyroidism
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Iodine (deficiency)
• Nervous System Diseases (etiology)
• Pregnancy
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects (psychology)