Sodium thiosulfate ameliorates oxidative stress and preserves renal function in hyperoxaluric rats.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Hyperoxaluria causes crystal deposition in the kidney, which leads to oxidative stress and to injury and damage of the renal epithelium. Sodium thiosulfate (STS, Na2S2O3) is an anti-oxidant, which has been used in human medicine for decades. The effect of STS on hyperoxaluria-induced renal damage is not known.

METHODS:

Hyperoxaluria and renal injury were induced in healthy male Wistar rats by chronic exposure to ethylene glycol (EG, 0.75%) in the drinking water for 4 weeks. The treatment effects of STS, NaCl or Na2SO4 were compared. Furthermore, the effects of STS on oxalate-induced oxidative stress were investigated in vitro in renal LLC-PK1 cells.

RESULTS:

Chronic EG exposure led to hyperoxaluria, oxidative stress, calcium oxalate crystalluria and crystal deposition in the kidneys. Whereas all tested compounds significantly reduced crystal load, only STS-treatment maintained tissue superoxide dismutase activity and urine 8-isoprostaglandin levels in vivo and preserved renal function. In in vitro studies, STS showed the ability to scavenge oxalate-induced ROS accumulation dose dependently, reduced cell-released hydrogen peroxide and preserved superoxide dismutase activity. As a mechanism explaining this finding, STS was able to directly inactivate hydrogen peroxide in cell-free experiments.

CONCLUSIONS:

STS is an antioxidant, which preserves renal function in a chronic EG rat model. Its therapeutic use in oxidative-stress induced renal-failure should be considered.

• Authors: Rakesh K Bijarnia, Matthias Bachtler, Prakash G Chandak, Harry van Goor, Andreas Pasch
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 10 Issue 4 Pg. e0124881 ( 2015) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25928142 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Thiosulfates
• sodium thiosulfate

Topics

• Animals
• Antioxidants (pharmacology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Hyperoxaluria (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Kidney (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
• Kidney Function Tests
• Male
• Oxidation-Reduction
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Rats
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Thiosulfates (pharmacology)