Abstract | BACKGROUND:
Macrolide-resistant isolates of Rhodococcus equi are emerging, prompting the search for clinically effective alternative antimicrobials. HYPOTHESIS: The proportion of foals with ultrasonographic evidence of pneumonia presumed to be caused by R. equi that had a successful outcome when administered gallium maltolate (GaM) PO would not be more than 10% inferior (ie, lower) than that of foals receiving standard treatment. ANIMALS: Fifty-four foals with subclinical pulmonary abscesses among 509 foals at 6 breeding farms in Kentucky. METHODS: Controlled, randomized, prospective noninferiority study. Foals with ultrasonographic lesions >1 cm in diameter (n = 54) were randomly allocated to receive per os either clarithromycin combined with rifampin (CLR+R) or GaM, and followed up for 28 days by daily physical inspections and weekly (n = 1 farm) or biweekly (n = 4 farms) thoracic ultrasound examinations by individuals unaware of treatment-group assignments. Treatment success was defined as resolution of ultrasonographically identified pulmonary abscesses within 28 days of initiating treatment. Noninferiority was defined as a 90% confidence interval for the observed difference in CLR+R minus GaM that was ≤10%. RESULTS: The proportion of GaM-treated foals that resolved (70%; 14/20) was similar to that of foals treated with CLR+R (74%; 25/34), but we failed to demonstrate noninferiority for GaM relative to CLR+R; however, GaM was noninferior to CLR+R treatment when results from a noncompliant farm were excluded. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:
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Authors | Noah D Cohen, Nathan M Slovis, Steeve Giguère, Samantha Baker, M Keith Chaffin, Lawrence R Bernstein |
Journal | Journal of veterinary internal medicine
(J Vet Intern Med)
2015 May-Jun
Vol. 29
Issue 3
Pg. 932-9
ISSN: 1939-1676 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25868480
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. |
Chemical References |
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Organometallic Compounds
- Pyrones
- gallium maltolate
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Topics |
- Actinomycetales Infections
(drug therapy, microbiology, veterinary)
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Horse Diseases
(drug therapy, microbiology)
- Horses
- Organometallic Compounds
(therapeutic use)
- Pneumonia, Bacterial
(drug therapy, microbiology, veterinary)
- Pyrones
(therapeutic use)
- Rhodococcus equi
(drug effects)
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