Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation affects pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The present study was designed to assess the effects of Ca+vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

DESIGN:

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among sixty women with GDM. Participants were divided into two groups to receive Ca+vitamin D supplements or placebo. Individuals in the Ca+vitamin D group (n 30) received 1000 mg Ca/d and two pearls containing 1250 µg (50 000 IU) of cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3)) during the intervention (one at study baseline and another at day 21 of the intervention); those in the placebo group (n 30) received two placebos of vitamin D at the mentioned times and placebos of Ca every day for 6 weeks. Pregnancy outcomes were determined.

SETTING:

A urban community setting in Arak, Iran.

SUBJECTS:

Sixty women with GDM and their newborns, living in Arak, Iran were enrolled.

RESULTS:

Women treated with Ca+vitamin D had a significant decrease in caesarean section rate (23·3 % v. 63·3 %, P=0·002) and maternal hospitalization (0 v. 13·3 %, P=0·03) compared with those receiving placebo. In addition, newborns of GDM women randomized to Ca+vitamin D had no case of macrosomia, while the prevalence of macrosomia among those randomized to placebo was 13·3 % (P=0·03). Lower rates of hyperbilirubinaemia (20·0 % v. 56·7 %, P=0·03) and hospitalization (20·0 % v. 56·7 %, P=0·03) were also seen in the supplemented group of newborns than in the placebo group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Ca+vitamin D supplementation for 6 weeks among pregnant women with GDM led to decreased caesarean section rate and maternal hospitalization, and decreased macrosomia, hyperbilirubinaemia and hospitalization in newborns.

• Authors: Maryam Karamali, Zatollah Asemi, Maedeh Ahmadi-Dastjerdi, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
• Journal: Public health nutrition (Public Health Nutr) Vol. 19 Issue 1 Pg. 156-63 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1475-2727 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25790761 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Calcium, Dietary
• Vitamin D
• Cholecalciferol

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight
• Calcium, Dietary (administration & dosage, blood)
• Cesarean Section
• Cholecalciferol (administration & dosage, blood)
• Diabetes, Gestational (blood, drug therapy)
• Dietary Supplements
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Fetal Macrosomia (blood, prevention & control)
• Follow-Up Studies
• Hospitalization
• Humans
• Hyperbilirubinemia (blood, prevention & control)
• Iran
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Complications (blood, prevention & control)
• Pregnancy Outcome
• Vitamin D (administration & dosage, blood)
• Young Adult