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Phytosulfokine Is Involved in Positive Regulation of Lotus japonicus Nodulation.

Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a tyrosine-sulfated peptide that is widely distributed in plants, participating in cell proliferation, differentiation, and innate immunity. The potential role of PSK in nodulation in legumes has not been reported. In this work, five PSK precursor genes were identified in Lotus japonicas, designated as LjPSK1 to LjPSK5. Three of them (LjPSK1, LjPSK4, and LjPSK5) were found to be expressed in nitrogen-fixing root nodules. LjPSK1 and LjPSK4 were not induced at the early stage of nodulation. Interestingly, while the expression of LjPSK4 was also found in spontaneous nodules without rhizobial colonization, LjPSK1 was not induced in these pseudo nodules. Promoter-β-glucuronidase analysis revealed that LjPSK1 was highly expressed in enlarged symbiotic cells of nodules. Exogenous addition of 1 1M synthetic PSK peptide resulted in increased nodule numbers per plant. Consistently, the number of mature nodules but not the events of rhizobial infection and nodule initiation was increased by overexpressing LjPSK1 in transgenic hairy roots, in which the expression of jasmonate-responsive genes was found to be repressed. These results suggest that PSK is a new peptide signal that regulates nodulation in legumes, probably through cross-talking with other phytohormones.
AuthorsChao Wang, Haixiang Yu, Zhongming Zhang, Liangliang Yu, Xiaoshu Xu, Zonglie Hong, Li Luo
JournalMolecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI (Mol Plant Microbe Interact) Vol. 28 Issue 8 Pg. 847-55 (Aug 2015) ISSN: 0894-0282 [Print] United States
PMID25775272 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Cyclopentanes
  • Oxylipins
  • PSK-beta protein, plant
  • Peptide Hormones
  • Plant Proteins
  • jasmonic acid
  • Glucuronidase
Topics
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Arabidopsis (genetics, metabolism)
  • Cyclopentanes (metabolism, pharmacology)
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (drug effects)
  • Glucuronidase (genetics)
  • Lotus (genetics, microbiology)
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Oxylipins (metabolism, pharmacology)
  • Peptide Hormones (genetics)
  • Plant Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Rhizobium (physiology)
  • Root Nodules, Plant (genetics, growth & development, microbiology)
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Symbiosis (genetics)

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