Frequent somatic reversion of KRT1 mutations in ichthyosis with confetti.

Abstract

Widespread reversion of genetic disease is rare; however, such events are particularly evident in some skin disorders in which normal clones develop on a background of affected skin. We previously demonstrated that mutations in keratin 10 (KRT10) cause ichthyosis with confetti (IWC), a severe dominant disorder that is characterized by progressive development of hundreds of normal skin spots via revertant mosaicism. Here, we report on a clinical and histological IWC subtype in which affected subjects have red, scaly skin at birth, experience worsening palmoplantar keratoderma in childhood, and develop hundreds of normal skin spots, beginning at around 20 years of age, that increase in size and number over time. We identified a causal de novo mutation in keratin 1 (KRT1). Similar to IWC-causing KRT10 mutations, this mutation in KRT1 resulted in a C-terminal frameshift, replacing 22 C-terminal amino acids with an alternate 30-residue peptide. Mutant KRT1 caused partial collapse of the cytoplasmic intermediate filament network and mislocalized to the nucleus. As with KRT10 mutations causing IWC, reversion of KRT1 mutations occurred via mitotic recombination. Because reversion is not observed with other disease-causing keratin mutations, the results of this study implicate KRT1 and KRT10 C-terminal frameshift mutations in the high frequency of revertant mosaicism in IWC.

• Authors: Keith A Choate, Yin Lu, Jing Zhou, Peter M Elias, Samir Zaidi, Amy S Paller, Anita Farhi, Carol Nelson-Williams, Debra Crumrine, Leonard M Milstone, Richard P Lifton
• Journal: The Journal of clinical investigation (J Clin Invest) Vol. 125 Issue 4 Pg. 1703-7 (Apr 2015) ISSN: 1558-8238 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25774499 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• KRT1 protein, human
• Keratin-1

Topics

• Adult
• Age of Onset
• Amino Acid Sequence
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Nucleus (metabolism)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 (genetics)
• Cytoskeleton (ultrastructure)
• Frameshift Mutation
• Humans
• Ichthyosis (genetics, pathology)
• Intermediate Filaments (metabolism)
• Keratin-1 (genetics, physiology)
• Keratinocytes (pathology)
• Loss of Heterozygosity
• Male
• Molecular Sequence Data
• Mosaicism
• Phenotype
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Protein Transport
• Transfection