Effects of dietary virgin olive oil polyphenols: hydroxytyrosyl acetate and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylglycol on DSS-induced acute colitis in mice.

Abstract

Hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenolic compound from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has exhibited an improvement in a model of DSS-induced colitis. However, other phenolic compounds present such as hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HTy-Ac) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) need to be explored to complete the understanding of the overall effects of EVOO on inflammatory colon mucosa. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of both HTy-Ac and DHPG dietary supplementation in the inflammatory response associated to colitis model. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: sham and control groups received standard diet, and other two groups were fed with HTy-Ac and DHPG, respectively, at 0.1%. After 30 days, all groups except sham received 3% DSS in drinking water for 5 days followed by a regime of 5 days of water. Acute inflammation was evaluated by Disease Activity Index (DAI), histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Colonic expression of iNOS, COX-2, MAPKs, NF-kB and FOXP3 were determined by western blotting. Only HTy-Ac-supplemented group showed a significant DAI reduction as well as an improvement of histological damage and MPO. COX-2 and iNOS protein expression were also significantly reduced. In addition, this dietary group down-regulated JNK phosphorylation and prevented the DSS-induced nuclear translocation level of p65. However, no significant differences were observed in the FOXP3 expression. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that HTy-Ac exerts an antiinflammatory effect on acute ulcerative colitis. We concluded that HTy-Ac supplement might provide a basis for developing a new dietary strategy for the prevention of ulcerative colitis.

• Authors: Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo, Isabel Villegas, Marina Aparicio-Soto, Ana Cárdeno, Ma Ángeles Rosillo, Alejandro González-Benjumea, Azucena Marset, Óscar López, Inés Maya, José G Fernández-Bolaños, Catalina Alarcón de la Lastra
• Journal: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (J Nutr Biochem) Vol. 26 Issue 5 Pg. 513-20 (May 2015) ISSN: 1873-4847 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25736481 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Acetates
• Catechols
• NF-kappa B
• Olive Oil
• hydroxytyrosyl acetate
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol
• Dextran Sulfate
• Peroxidase
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
• Cyclooxygenase 2
• 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

Topics

• Acetates (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Animals
• Catechols (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Colitis (chemically induced, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Cyclooxygenase 2 (metabolism)
• Dextran Sulfate (toxicity)
• Female
• MAP Kinase Signaling System
• Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (analogs & derivatives, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• NF-kappa B (metabolism)
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (metabolism)
• Olive Oil (chemistry)
• Peroxidase (metabolism)