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The distribution of sialic acid receptors of avian influenza virus in the reproductive tract of laying hens.

Abstract
The susceptibility of the host to influenza virus is determined by the distribution of the sialic acid (SA) receptors on host cell membrane. Avian influenza virus (AIV) preferentially binds to SA α-2,3-galactose (SA α2,3-gal) linked receptors, while human strains bind to sialic acid α2,6-galactose (SA α2,6-gal) linked receptors. Here, we describe the SA patterns and distributions in the reproductive tract of hens by employing two specific lectins, Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) for SA α2,3-gal and sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) for SA α 2,6-gal receptors. Our results revealed that both SA α2,3-gal and SA α2,6-gal receptors exist in the reproductive tract of hens, including magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina except for infundibulum. The distribution of SAα-2,3-gal receptor was more abundantly in the columnar epithelium cells of magnum, isthmus and uterus. Only minimal positive results for SA α-2,6-gal receptors were detected in the columnar epithelium cells of magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina. Furthermore, AIV in tissues of the reproductive tract tissues of laying hens were detected by SYBR green-based reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results showed that both viral loads and pathological changes in different parts of the reproductive tract were positively correlated with the expression of both receptors. Our results revealed that the reproductive tract of hens may provide an environment for the replication of both avian and human influenza viruses.
AuthorsJing-Yu Wang, Zhan-Li Chen, Cheng-Shan Li, Xiao-lei Cao, Rui Wang, Chao Tang, Jing-Jing Huang, Ching-Dong Chang, Hung-Jen Liu
JournalMolecular and cellular probes (Mol Cell Probes) Vol. 29 Issue 2 Pg. 129-34 (Apr 2015) ISSN: 1096-1194 [Electronic] England
PMID25725345 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Phytohemagglutinins
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Receptors, Virus
  • leukoagglutinins, plants
  • sialic acid receptor
Topics
  • Animals
  • Chickens (metabolism)
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Influenza in Birds (metabolism)
  • Phytohemagglutinins (metabolism)
  • Receptors, Cell Surface (metabolism)
  • Receptors, Virus (analysis)
  • Reproduction
  • Sambucus nigra (metabolism)
  • Viral Load

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