Menaquinone-7 supplementation improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women. A double-blind randomised clinical trial.

Abstract

Observational data suggest a link between menaquinone (MK, vitamin K2) intake and cardiovascular (CV) health. However, MK intervention trials with vascular endpoints are lacking. We investigated long-term effects of MK-7 (180 µg MenaQ7/day) supplementation on arterial stiffness in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Healthy postmenopausal women (n=244) received either placebo (n=124) or MK-7 (n=120) for three years. Indices of local carotid stiffness (intima-media thickness IMT, Diameter end-diastole and Distension) were measured by echotracking. Regional aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral and carotid-radial Pulse Wave Velocity, cfPWV and crPWV, respectively) was measured using mechanotransducers. Circulating desphospho-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (dp-ucMGP) as well as acute phase markers Interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and markers for endothelial dysfunction Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule (VCAM), E-selectin, and Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) were measured. At baseline dp-ucMGP was associated with IMT, Diameter, cfPWV and with the mean z-scores of acute phase markers (APMscore) and of markers for endothelial dysfunction (EDFscore). After three year MK-7 supplementation cfPWV and the Stiffness Index βsignificantly decreased in the total group, whereas distension, compliance, distensibility, Young's Modulus, and the local carotid PWV (cPWV) improved in women having a baseline Stiffness Index β above the median of 10.8. MK-7 decreased dp-ucMGP by 50 % compared to placebo, but did not influence the markers for acute phase and endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, long-term use of MK-7 supplements improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women, especially in women having a high arterial stiffness.

• Authors: Marjo H J Knapen, Lavienja A J L M Braam, Nadja E Drummen, Otto Bekers, Arnold P G Hoeks, Cees Vermeer
• Journal: Thrombosis and haemostasis (Thromb Haemost) Vol. 113 Issue 5 Pg. 1135-44 (May 2015) ISSN: 2567-689X [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 25694037 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• E-Selectin
• Glycation End Products, Advanced
• Hemostatics
• IL6 protein, human
• Interleukin-6
• SELE protein, human
• TNF protein, human
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
• Vitamin K 2
• menaquinone 7
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Aged
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Carotid Arteries (pathology)
• Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
• Dietary Supplements
• Double-Blind Method
• E-Selectin (blood)
• Female
• Femoral Artery (pathology)
• Glycation End Products, Advanced (blood)
• Healthy Volunteers
• Hemostatics (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Middle Aged
• Postmenopause
• Pulse Wave Analysis
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (blood)
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (blood)
• Vascular Stiffness (drug effects)
• Vitamin K 2 (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)