Adenovirus vector is one of the most widely used vectors in gene therapy applications for the treatment of diverse human diseases including
cancer. In this study, we showed that
infection with E1E3-deleted recombinant human adenovirus serotype 5 reduced human
telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)
mRNA levels in
hepatoma cell lines. We defined the mechanisms by which the recombinant adenovirus vector reduces hTERT
mRNA levels as follows: Using the virus-associated
RNA I/II (VAI/II) expression construct, we demonstrated that the expression of VAI and VAII RNAs led to an increase in IFN-α2 level, and IFN-α2 induction was responsible for the decrease in hTERT
mRNA levels. We showed that the effects of VA RNAs were specific for the replication-incompetent E1E3-deleted adenovirus vector, because wild-type adenovirus affected neither IFN-α2 nor hTERT
mRNA levels. Moreover, we demonstrated that adenovirus vector-mediated delivery of the hTERT-targeting anti-
cancer reagent could additively reduce the levels of hTERT
mRNA that were specifically overexpressed in most of the
cancer cells. This study showed that E1E3-deleted adenovirus vector system reduced hTERT
mRNA levels through
VA RNA-mediated induction of type 1
interferon; hence the recombinant adenovirus itself could have anti-
cancer activity. These results indicate that recombinant adenovirus vector could be an effective means to deliver anti-
cancer reagents for combating cancerous cells more effectively.