The effect of tolvaptan on autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients: a subgroup analysis of the Japanese patient subset from TEMPO 3:4 trial.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Japan is the first country in the world to approve tolvaptan for the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which was based on the results of Tolvaptan Efficacy and Safety in Management of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and Its Outcomes (TEMPO) 3:4 trial. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tolvaptan, we performed a subgroup analysis in the participating Japanese ADPKD patient population.

METHODS:

The primary outcome was the annual rate of percentage change in the total kidney volume (TKV). The secondary endpoint was the rate of kidney function change.

RESULTS:

The tolvaptan and placebo groups included 118 and 59 patients, respectively. The annual rate of percentage changes in TKV were 1.3 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.4-2.1] in the tolvaptan group, and 5.0 % (95 % CI 3.9-6.2) in the placebo group (P < 0.001). The annual estimated glomerular filtration rate change was -3.83 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in the tolvaptan group and -5.05 mL in the placebo group for a treatment effect of +1.22 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (95 % CI 0.41-2.02: P = 0.003). Hepatic function abnormal as a serious adverse event was observed in 3 patients (2.5 %) in the tolvaptan group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Administration of tolvaptan in the Japanese sub-population reduced the annual rate of TKV growth and slowed the rate of kidney function decline over 36 months compared to patients on placebo, thus providing a novel and effective therapy for the treatment of ADPKD. (TEMPO 3:4 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00428948).

• Authors: Satoru Muto, Haruna Kawano, Eiji Higashihara, Ichiei Narita, Yoshifumi Ubara, Takayuki Matsuzaki, John Ouyang, Vicente E Torres, Shigeo Horie
• Journal: Clinical and experimental nephrology (Clin Exp Nephrol) Vol. 19 Issue 5 Pg. 867-77 (Oct 2015) ISSN: 1437-7799 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 25663351 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists
• Benzazepines
• Tolvaptan

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Asian People
• Benzazepines (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Disease Progression
• Endpoint Determination
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Glomerular Filtration Rate
• Humans
• Japan
• Kidney (pathology)
• Liver Function Tests
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant (drug therapy, pathology)
• Tolvaptan
• Young Adult