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Application of the C3-binding motif of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B to protect mice from invasive group a streptococcal infection.

Abstract
Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen that produces several extracellular exotoxins to facilitate invasion and infection. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPE B) has been demonstrated to be an important virulence factor of GAS. Our previous studies indicate that SPE B cleaves complement 3 (C3) and inhibits the activation of complement pathways. In this study, we constructed and expressed recombinant fragments of SPE B to examine the C3-binding site of SPE B. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and pull-down assays, we found that the C-terminal domain, containing amino-acid residues 345-398, of SPE B was the major binding site of human serum C3. We further identified a major, Ala376-Pro398, and a minor C3-binding motif, Gly346-Gly360, that both mediated the binding of C3 complement. Immunization with the C3-binding motifs protected mice against challenge with a lethal dose of non-invasive M49 strain GAS but not invasive M1 strains. To achieve higher efficiency against invasive M1 GAS infection, a combination of synthetic peptides derived from C-terminal epitope of streptolysin S (SLSpp) and from the major C3-binding motif of SPE B (PP6, Ala376-Pro398) was used to elicit specific immune response to those two important streptococcal exotoxins. Death rates and the severity of skin lesions decreased significantly in PP6/SLSpp-immunized mice that were infected with invasive M1 strains of GAS. These results indicate a combination of the C3-binding motif of SPE B and the protective epitope of SLS could be used as a subunit vaccine against invasive M1 strains group A streptococcal infection.
AuthorsChih-Feng Kuo, Nina Tsao, Miao-Hui Cheng, Hsiu-Chen Yang, Yu-Chieh Wang, Ying-Pin Chen, Kai-Jen Lin
JournalPloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 10 Issue 1 Pg. e0117268 ( 2015) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
PMID25629609 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Complement C3
  • Epitopes
  • Exotoxins
  • Streptococcal Vaccines
  • erythrogenic toxin
Topics
  • Animals
  • Bacterial Proteins (immunology)
  • Complement C3 (immunology)
  • Epitopes
  • Exotoxins (immunology)
  • Mice
  • Streptococcal Infections (immunology, prevention & control)
  • Streptococcal Vaccines (immunology)
  • Streptococcus pyogenes (immunology)

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