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Functionally defined white matter reveals segregated pathways in human ventral temporal cortex associated with category-specific processing.

Abstract
It is unknown if the white-matter properties associated with specific visual networks selectively affect category-specific processing. In a novel protocol we combined measurements of white-matter structure, functional selectivity, and behavior in the same subjects. We find two parallel white-matter pathways along the ventral temporal lobe connecting to either face-selective or place-selective regions. Diffusion properties of portions of these tracts adjacent to face- and place-selective regions of ventral temporal cortex correlate with behavioral performance for face or place processing, respectively. Strikingly, adults with developmental prosopagnosia (face blindness) express an atypical structure-behavior relationship near face-selective cortex, suggesting that white-matter atypicalities in this region may have behavioral consequences. These data suggest that examining the interplay between cortical function, anatomical connectivity, and visual behavior is integral to understanding functional networks and their role in producing visual abilities and deficits.
AuthorsJesse Gomez, Franco Pestilli, Nathan Witthoft, Golijeh Golarai, Alina Liberman, Sonia Poltoratski, Jennifer Yoon, Kalanit Grill-Spector
JournalNeuron (Neuron) Vol. 85 Issue 1 Pg. 216-227 (Jan 07 2015) ISSN: 1097-4199 [Electronic] United States
PMID25569351 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Topics
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Female
  • Functional Neuroimaging
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neural Pathways (pathology, physiopathology)
  • Pattern Recognition, Visual
  • Prosopagnosia (pathology, physiopathology)
  • Temporal Lobe (pathology, physiopathology)
  • White Matter (pathology, physiopathology)
  • Young Adult

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