This study was conducted to compare the protective effects of
astaxanthin (ASX) with Corni Fructus (CF) against diabetes-induced pathologies such as oxidative stress-induced
inflammation and
advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in the liver of type 1 diabetic rats. ASX (50 mg/kg
body weight/day) or CF (200 mg/kg
body weight/day) was orally administered every day for 18 days to
streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, and their effects were compared with nondiabetic and diabetic control rats. The administration of CF, but not ASX, decreased both the elevated serum and hepatic
glucose concentration in diabetic rats. In diabetic rats, increased levels of AGE,
reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation were significantly decreased by treatment with both ASX and CF in the liver of diabetic rats. STZ treatment markedly augmented the
protein expressions of AGE, and both ASX and CF efficiently attenuated these increases in hepatic
protein expressions. In addition, oxidative stress and proinflammatory
protein expressions were upregulated in the diabetic rats. On the contrary, these upregulations of
protein expressions were decreased by the administration of ASX or CF. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of ASX on diabetes-induced hepatic dysfunction could be derived from the blocking of AGE formation and further anti-
inflammation and that CF exhibited beneficial effects through the attenuation of
hyperglycemia, and thus the inhibition of AGE formation and the inflammatory responses. Therefore, ASX as well as CF may help prevent ongoing diabetes-induced hepatic injury.