Photodynamic therapy (
PDT) is based on the
tumor-selective accumulation of
photosensitizer followed by irradiation with light of an appropriate wavelength. After irradiation and in the presence of
oxygen,
photosensitizer induces cellular damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of two
photosensitizers TMPyP and ClAlPcS2 on cell lines to obtain better insight into their mechanisms of action. We determined cell viability,
reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and changes in expression levels of two important early response genes, C-MYC and C-FOS, on
tumor MCF7 (human breast
adenocarcinoma) and G361 (human
melanoma) cell lines and non-
tumor BJ cell line (human fibroblast) after photodynamic reaction with
TMPyP and ClAlPcS2 as
photosensitizers. In addition
TMPyP and ClAlPcS2 cellular uptake and clearance and
antioxidant capacity of the mentioned cell lines were investigated. We found appropriate therapeutic doses and confirmed that both tested
photosensitizers are photodynamically efficient in treatment used cells in vitro.
TMPyP is more efficient; it had higher ROS production and toxicity after irradiation by intermediate therapeutic doses than ClAlPcS2. We revealed that both
TMPyP and ClAlPcS2-PDT increased C-FOS expression on tumor cell lines (G361 and MCF7), but not on non-
tumor BJ cell line. Conversely, both
TMPyP and ClAlPcS2-PDT decreased C-MYC expression on non-
tumor BJ cell line but not on tumor cell lines. As first we tested these
photosensitizers in such extent and we believe that it can help to better understand mechanisms of
PDT and increase its efficiency and applicability.