Necrostatin-1 alleviates reperfusion injury following acute myocardial infarction in pigs.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

In rodents, it has previously been shown that necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) inhibits RIP1, a central regulator of programmed necrosis, thereby decreasing cell death and reducing infarct size (IS) after ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. To address unanswered questions on feasibility and efficacy of Nec-1 in a large animal model, we assessed the effects of Nec-1 in a porcine I/R model, relevant to human disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In Dalland landrace pigs (69 ± 3 kg), I/R injury was induced by a 75-min surgical ligation of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx). Ten minutes prior to reperfusion, pigs were randomly allocated to different Nec-1 doses (1.0 mg/kg or 3.3 mg/kg) or vehicle treatment (control, CTRL). Functional endpoints and immunohistological analyses were performed 24 h after reperfusion.

RESULTS:

Nec-1 3.3 mg/kg significantly reduced IS (n = 6; 24.4 ± 15.6%) compared to Nec-1 1.0 mg/kg (n = 5; 54.8 ± 16.9%) or CTRLs (n = 6; 62.1 ± 26.6%; P = 0.016). In line, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher in Nec-1 3.3 mg/kg, copared to Nec-1 1.0 mg/kg or CTRL treated animals (50.0 ± 12.0% vs. 32.5 ± 12.9% vs. 31.9 ± 6.6%, respectively, P = 0.015). Hemodynamically, a preserved contractility was observed [end-systolic volume at 100 mmHg (ESV100 )] at 24-h follow-up (87.6 ± 17.3 mL vs. 74.5 ± 41.1 mL vs. 56.8 ± 11.8 mL, respectively, P = 0.032), reflecting improved cardiac function.

CONCLUSIONS:

In the pig model of I/R injury, intravenous administration of Nec-1 prior to reperfusion was an effective and above all practical therapeutic strategy that significantly reduced IS and preserved left ventricular function. These data highlight the potential of cardioprotection as a promising adjuvant therapy in the setting of early reperfusion following I/R injury.

• Authors: Stefan Koudstaal, Martinus I F J Oerlemans, Tycho I G Van der Spoel, Aafke W F Janssen, Imo E Hoefer, Pieter A Doevendans, Joost P G Sluijter, Steven A J Chamuleau
• Journal: European journal of clinical investigation (Eur J Clin Invest) Vol. 45 Issue 2 Pg. 150-9 (Feb 2015) ISSN: 1365-2362 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25496079 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2014 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

Chemical References

• Cardiotonic Agents
• Imidazoles
• Indoles
• necrostatin-1

Topics

• Animals
• Cardiotonic Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Coronary Vessels
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Echocardiography
• Female
• Hemodynamics (drug effects)
• Imidazoles (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Indoles (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Infusions, Intravenous
• Ligation
• Myocardial Infarction (physiopathology)
• Myocardial Reperfusion Injury (physiopathology, prevention & control)
• Neutrophils (drug effects)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Random Allocation
• Sus scrofa
• Swine