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Highly potent analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing D-phenylalanine nitrogen mustard in position 6.

Abstract
The nitrogen mustard derivatives of 4-phenylbutyric acid and L-phenylalanine, called chlorambucil (Chl) and melphalan (Mel), respectively, have been incorporated into several peptide hormones, including luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). The alkylating analogues of LH-RH were prepared by linking Chl, as an N-acyl moiety, to the complete amino acid sequence of agonistic and antagonistic analogues. These compounds, in particular the antagonistic analogues, showed much lower potency than their congeners carrying other acyl groups. To obtain highly potent alkylating analogues of LH-RH, the D enantiomer of Mel was incorporated into position 6 of the native hormone and some of its antagonistic analogues. Of the peptides prepared, [D-Mel6]LH-RH (SB-05) and [Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-Phe(pCl)2,D-Pal(3)3,Arg5,D-Mel6,D-Ala10++ +]LH-RH [SB-86, where Nal(2) is 3-(2-naphthyl)alanine and Pal(3) is 3-(3-pyridyl)alanine] possessed the expected high agonistic and antagonistic activities, respectively, and also showed high affinities for the membrane receptors of rat pituitary cells, human breast cancer cells, human prostate cancer cells, and rat Dunning R-3327 prostate tumor cells. These two analogues exerted cytotoxic effects on human and rat mammary cancer cells in vitro. Thus these two D-Mel6 analogues seem to be particularly suitable for the study of how alkylating analogues of LH-RH could interfere with intracellular events in certain cancer cells.
AuthorsS Bajusz, T Janaky, V J Csernus, L Bokser, M Fekete, G Srkalovic, T W Redding, A V Schally
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 86 Issue 16 Pg. 6318-22 (Aug 1989) ISSN: 0027-8424 [Print] United States
PMID2548207 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References
  • Receptors, LHRH
  • Chlorambucil
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
  • Luteinizing Hormone
  • Melphalan
Topics
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Breast Neoplasms (metabolism)
  • Cell Membrane (metabolism)
  • Chlorambucil
  • Female
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (analogs & derivatives, chemical synthesis, metabolism, pharmacology)
  • Humans
  • Luteinizing Hormone (metabolism)
  • Male
  • Melphalan
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Ovulation (drug effects)
  • Pituitary Gland (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Prostatic Neoplasms (metabolism)
  • Rats
  • Receptors, LHRH (metabolism)

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