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The effects of quinacrine, proglumide, and pentoxifylline on seizure activity, cognitive deficit, and oxidative stress in rat lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus.

Abstract
The present data indicate that status epilepticus (SE) induced in adult rats is associated with cognitive dysfunctions and cerebral oxidative stress (OS). This has been demonstrated using lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pc) model of SE. OS occurring in hippocampus and striatum of mature brain following SE is apparently due to both the increased free radicals production and the limited antioxidant defense. Pronounced alterations were noticed in the enzymatic, glutathione-S transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as in the nonenzymatic; thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GST), indices of OS in the hippocampus and striatum of SE induced animals. Quinacrine (Qcn), proglumide (Pgm), and pentoxifylline (Ptx) administered to animals before inducing SE, were significantly effective in ameliorating the seizure activities, cognitive dysfunctions, and cerebral OS. The findings suggest that all the drugs were effective in the order of Ptx < Pgm < Qcn indicating that these drugs are potentially antiepileptic as well as antioxidant; however, further studies are needed to establish this fact. It can be assumed that these antiepileptic substances with antioxidant properties combined with conventional therapies might provide a beneficial effect in treatment of epilepsy through ameliorating the cerebral OS.
AuthorsMohammad Ahmad, Gasem M Abu-Taweel, Ahmad E Aboshaiqah, Jamaan S Ajarem
JournalOxidative medicine and cellular longevity (Oxid Med Cell Longev) Vol. 2014 Pg. 630509 ( 2014) ISSN: 1942-0994 [Electronic] United States
PMID25478062 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Lithium Compounds
  • Pilocarpine
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Proglumide
  • Quinacrine
  • Pentoxifylline
Topics
  • Animals
  • Cognition Disorders (drug therapy, etiology, metabolism)
  • Lithium Compounds
  • Male
  • Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
  • Pentoxifylline (pharmacology)
  • Pilocarpine
  • Proglumide (pharmacology)
  • Quinacrine (pharmacology)
  • Random Allocation
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Seizures (drug therapy, metabolism, psychology)
  • Status Epilepticus (drug therapy, metabolism, psychology)
  • Superoxide Dismutase (metabolism)

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