Abstract | BACKGROUND: A large body of epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may promote hypertension. This raises the possibility that vitamin D supplementation could be a simple intervention to reduce blood pressure, but data from prospective, randomized trials are limited. METHODS AND RESULTS: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at 4 sites in the United States. We enrolled 534 individuals 18 to 50 years of age with low vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D levels ≤25 ng/mL) and systolic blood pressure of 120 to 159 mm Hg. Participants were randomized to high-dose (4000 IU/d) versus low-dose (400 IU/d) oral vitamin D3 for 6 months. The primary end point was change in mean 24-hour systolic blood pressure. Secondary end points included change in ambulatory diastolic blood pressure and clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The median age was 38 years, and 62% of participants were men. Forty-six percent of participants were white, and 48% were black. The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D level at baseline was 15.3 ng/mL. Four-hundred fifty-five participants (85%) had at least 1 follow-up blood pressure measurement; 383 participants (72%) completed the full 6-month study. At the end of the study, there was no significant difference in the primary end point (change in mean 24-hour systolic blood pressure, -0.8 versus -1.6 mm Hg in the high-dose and low-dose arms; P=0.71) or in any of the secondary end points. Furthermore, there was no evidence of association between change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and change in 24-hour systolic blood pressure at 6 months (Spearman correlation coefficient, -0.05, P=0.34). Results were consistent across prespecified subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01240512.
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Authors | Pankaj Arora, Yanna Song, Jeffery Dusek, Gregory Plotnikoff, Marc S Sabatine, Susan Cheng, Andre Valcour, Heather Swales, Beth Taylor, Erin Carney, Derek Guanaga, Joseph R Young, Courtney Karol, Michael Torre, Atum Azzahir, Semerit M Strachan, Dillon C O'Neill, Myles Wolf, Frank Harrell, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Thomas J Wang |
Journal | Circulation
(Circulation)
Vol. 131
Issue 3
Pg. 254-62
(Jan 20 2015)
ISSN: 1524-4539 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25359163
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2014 American Heart Association, Inc. |
Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Adult
- Blood Pressure
(drug effects, physiology)
- Cholecalciferol
(blood, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Hypertension
(blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prehypertension
(blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
- Vitamin D Deficiency
(blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
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