The paper reports on the results of the endoscopic treatment in 16 cases of orthotopic
ureterocele, out of which 11 developed on a simplex ureter and 5 on the superior ureter of the pyeloureteral duplicity (ren duplex). In 6 patients the pseudocystic dilatation of the submucous ureter contained
calculi. The endoscopic treatment consisted of: the
ureterocele resection in 12 patients (in 6 of them it was associated with the extraction of the
calculi with Lowsley's lithotryptic
clip): the
ureterocele incision in 3 cases; and the endoscopic resection of the intravesical sac, with nephrouretectomy of the dysfunctional pelvis and the respective ureter in one case. The results recorded showed urographic improvement in 14 patients and uroculture sterilization in 11 cases of 14 with postsurgical urinary
infections. Only in one case, the ureterohydronephrosis advanced, requiring the subsequent ureter-bladder
reimplantation. No case of bladder-ureter reflux following the endoscopic resection or incision of the orthotopic
ureterocele was recorded. Endoscopic resection or incision is a simple and efficient method for treating small or middle orthotopic
ureteroceles, if the superior urinary system is recoverable. The method is simple and with low risks, and it can be applied as first therapeutic time in all the cases, even in those in which the chance of the definitive
solution is less probable, as in the secondary
surgical time the classical surgical correction of the uretero-bladder junction can be used.