[A comparative study on efficacy of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and vasoactive drugs on reversing hearing loss in patients suffering idiopathic sensorineural cochlear hypoacusis. A preliminary clinical trial].

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:

Sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) is a disorder characterised by an important deterioration of the auditory function. Re-establishing normal ion homeostasis of the endolymph could be related to hearing recovery and it might be mediated by mineralocorticoids. The main purpose of this preliminary, randomized controlled clinical trial was assessing the recovery of idiopathic sensory neural cochlear hearing loss (SNHL) by comparing the efficacy of 2 types of steroids versus vasodilators.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The 3-month intervention involved 70 patients, allocated into 4 different groups: a control with no medication, consisting of 14 patients (8 men and 6 women); a vasodilator group of 21 patients (11 men and 10 women); a glucocorticoid group with 16 patients (10 men and 6 women); and a mineralocorticoid therapy group, consisting of 19 patients (11 men and 8 women). The level of hearing loss and its topography were estimated using Liminal Tone Audiometry (LTA) and Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR).

RESULTS:

Our research found overall greater efficacy of mineralocorticoids versus glucocorticoids and vasodilators. There was better response in women than in men and it was higher from the left ear, regardless of patient gender.

CONCLUSIONS:

The hearing gain was significantly superior in the mineralocorticoid group, followed by the glucocorticoid group. However, the responses to vasodilators were lesser and of low statistical significance.

• Authors: Eugenia María Campos-Bañales, Daniel López-Campos, José Luis de Serdio-Arias, J Esteban-Rodriguez, Mar García-Sáinz, Álvaro Muñoz-Cortés, Daniel López-Aguado
• Journal: Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola (Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp) 2015 Mar-Apr Vol. 66 Issue 2 Pg. 65-73 ISSN: 1988-3013 [Electronic] Spain
• Vernacular Title: Estudio comparativo de la eficacia de los glucocorticoides, mineralocorticoides y vasodilatadores en la recuperación auditiva de pacientes que padecen hipoacusia neurosensorial idiopática de localización coclear. Ensayo clínico preliminar.
• PMID: 25312405 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Patología Cérvico-Facial. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Glucocorticoids
• Mineralocorticoids
• Pregnenediones
• Vasodilator Agents
• Nimodipine
• deflazacort
• Fludrocortisone

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Audiometry (methods)
• Female
• Fludrocortisone (therapeutic use)
• Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use)
• Hearing Loss, Sensorineural (diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mineralocorticoids (therapeutic use)
• Nimodipine (therapeutic use)
• Pregnenediones (therapeutic use)
• Sex Factors
• Treatment Outcome
• Vasodilator Agents (therapeutic use)