Genetic alterations of protein tyrosine phosphatases in human cancers.

Abstract

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that remove phosphate from tyrosine residues in proteins. Recent whole-exome sequencing of human cancer genomes reveals that many PTPs are frequently mutated in a variety of cancers. Among these mutated PTPs, PTP receptor T (PTPRT) appears to be the most frequently mutated PTP in human cancers. Beside PTPN11, which functions as an oncogene in leukemia, genetic and functional studies indicate that most of mutant PTPs are tumor suppressor genes. Identification of the substrates and corresponding kinases of the mutant PTPs may provide novel therapeutic targets for cancers harboring these mutant PTPs.

• Authors: S Zhao, D Sedwick, Z Wang
• Journal: Oncogene (Oncogene) Vol. 34 Issue 30 Pg. 3885-94 (Jul 23 2015) ISSN: 1476-5594 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25263441 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)

Chemical References

• Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

Topics

• Animals
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Humans
• Mutation, Missense
• Neoplasms (enzymology, genetics)
• Phosphorylation
• Protein Processing, Post-Translational
• Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (genetics, metabolism)