Value of knee skin temperature measured by infrared thermography and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the diagnosis of peri-prosthetic knee infection in Chinese individuals following total knee arthroplasty.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful and frequently performed procedure in orthopedic surgery. The diagnosis of peri-prosthetic joint infection following TKA remains challenging. The present study estimated the usefulness of knee skin temperature (measured by infrared thermography) and serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the diagnosis of post-operative knee peri-prosthetic infection.

METHODS:

Patients were divided into three groups: 21 patients undergoing uncomplicated TKAs, seven with prosthesis infection, and three undergoing TKA revisions. The serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and sICAM-1 as well as the local knee skin temperature were measured pre-operatively and on Days 1 and 7 and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-operatively in Groups 1 and 3. The same parameters were measured in Group 2 at the time of prosthesis infection diagnosis.

RESULTS:

In Group 1, the levels of IL-6, CRP, ESR, and knee skin temperature were significantly elevated post-operatively, but returned to baseline levels within 6 months. The sICAM-1 levels were not significantly different. The mean differential temperature (MDT) and levels of siCAM-1, IL-6, CRP, and ESR differed significantly between Groups 1 and 2. The MDT had returned to normal in Group 3 by 6 months post-operatively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Elevations in IL-6, CRP, ESR, and MDT in patients undergoing TKA could be a normal response to surgical trauma, but sustained elevations may be indicative of complications. The knee skin temperature and sICAM-1 may be used as indicators in the diagnosis of knee prosthesis infection following TKA.

• Authors: Yishake Mumingjiang, Xindie Zhou, Rongxin He
• Journal: Chinese medical journal (Chin Med J (Engl)) Vol. 127 Issue 17 Pg. 3105-9 ( 2014) ISSN: 2542-5641 [Electronic] China
• PMID: 25189954 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Interleukin-6
• Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee (adverse effects)
• Blood Sedimentation
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Female
• Humans
• Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (metabolism)
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Knee Joint (immunology, surgery)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prospective Studies
• Skin Temperature (physiology)
• Thermography (methods)