Volatile organic compounds during inflammation and sepsis in rats: a potential breath test using ion-mobility spectrometry.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Multicapillary column ion-mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) may identify volatile components in exhaled gas. The authors therefore used MCC-IMS to evaluate exhaled gas in a rat model of sepsis, inflammation, and hemorrhagic shock.

METHODS:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and ventilated via tracheostomy for 10 h or until death. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and incision in 10 rats; a sham operation was performed in 10 others. In 10 other rats, endotoxemia was induced by intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide. In a final 10 rats, hemorrhagic shock was induced to a mean arterial pressure of 35 ± 5 mmHg. Exhaled gas was analyzed with MCC-IMS, and volatile compounds were identified using the BS-MCC/IMS-analytes database (Version 1209; B&S Analytik, Dortmund, Germany).

RESULTS:

All sham animals survived the observation period, whereas mean survival time was 7.9 h in the septic animals, 9.1 h in endotoxemic animals, and 2.5 h in hemorrhagic shock. Volatile compounds showed statistically significant differences in septic and endotoxemic rats compared with sham rats for 3-pentanone and acetone. Endotoxic rats differed significantly from sham for 1-propanol, butanal, acetophenone, 1,2-butandiol, and 2-hexanone. Statistically significant differences were observed between septic and endotoxemic rats for butanal, 3-pentanone, and 2-hexanone. 2-Hexanone differed from all other groups in the rats with shock.

CONCLUSIONS:

Breath analysis of expired organic compounds differed significantly in septic, inflammation, and sham rats. MCC-IMS of exhaled breath deserves additional study as a noninvasive approach for distinguishing sepsis from inflammation.

• Authors: Tobias Fink, Alexander Wolf, Felix Maurer, Frederic W Albrecht, Nathalie Heim, Beate Wolf, Anne C Hauschild, Bertram Bödeker, Jörg I Baumbach, Thomas Volk, Daniel I Sessler, Sascha Kreuer
• Journal: Anesthesiology (Anesthesiology) Vol. 122 Issue 1 Pg. 117-26 (Jan 2015) ISSN: 1528-1175 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25170570 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Ions
• Volatile Organic Compounds

Topics

• Animals
• Breath Tests (methods)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Exhalation
• Inflammation (diagnosis, metabolism)
• Ions
• Male
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Sepsis (diagnosis, metabolism)
• Shock, Hemorrhagic (metabolism)
• Spectrum Analysis (methods)
• Volatile Organic Compounds (metabolism)