IMPORTANCE
Photodynamic therapy (
PDT) is used extensively to treat
actinic keratoses(AKs). An analysis of the effectiveness of
PDT compared with other treatments may help physicians decide what role it should play in their own clinical practices.OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of
PDT for the treatment of AKs relative to other methods.DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE,Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Central Register. No restrictions on years were placed, and all searches extended to the year of each data base inception. Our search was conducted on March 20, 2013, and included the search terms solar
keratosis, actinic keratosis,
photodynamic therapy, and
photochemotherapy. No restrictions were used for the search string.STUDY SELECTION Only randomized
PDT trials that used
aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride ormethyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride as stabilizers with 10 or more participants were considered. Two of the authors undertook the search independently.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were extracted independently by the 2 authors.We assessed data quality using the Jadad scoring system and used a random-effects model for pooled data analysis.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome measures specified a priori were lesion response, cosmetic results, and patient satisfaction after the intervention.RESULTS Our search identified 875 journal articles and meeting abstracts.We excluded 862 owing to lack of adherence to our inclusion criteria or lack of author response to our queries for further information.We assessed 13 studies for inclusion in our final synthesis, of which 4 were eligible for final meta-analysis. The only comparator for which meta-analysis was performed was
cryotherapy. The meta-analysis consisted of 641 participants, with a total of 2174 AKs treated with
cryotherapy and 2170 AKs treated with
PDT. Compared with
cryotherapy, the pooled relative risk for the meta-analysis for complete response (lesion clearance) was 1.14 (95%CI, 1.11-1.18) at 3 months
after treatment. Visual inspection of a funnel plot revealed no publication bias, which was confirmed by the Begg test (P = .80).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Photodynamic therapy has a 14%better chance of complete lesion clearance at 3 months
after treatment than
cryotherapy for thin AKs on the face and scalp.