Grape seed extract improves epithelial structure and suppresses inflammation in ileum of IL-10-deficient mice.

Abstract

Defect in intestinal epithelial structure is a critical etiological factor of several intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of grape seed extract (GSE), which contains a mixture of polyphenols, on ileal mucosal structure and inflammation in interleukin (IL)-10-deficient mice, a common model for studying inflammatory bowel disease. Wild-type and IL-10-deficient mice were fed GSE at 0 or 1% (based on dry feed weight) for 16 weeks. GSE supplementation decreased crypt depth and increased (P < 0.05) the ratio of villus/crypt length in the terminal ileum. Consistently, the dietary GSE decreased (P < 0.05) proliferation and enhanced (P < 0.05) differentiation of epithelial cells. These changes in gut epithelium were associated with the suppression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cell (NF-κB) signaling. Furthermore, compared with WT mice, IL-10 deletion promoted beclin-1 and AMPK expression, both of which were decreased to normal by GSE supplementation. These changes were associated with alterations in epithelial barrier function as indicated by reduced pore forming claudin-2 protein expression and increased barrier forming claudin-1 protein expression in the ileum of GSE supplemented mice. In summary, our data indicates that GSE exerts protective effects to the ileal epithelial structure in IL-10-deficient mice possibly through the suppression of inflammatory response.

• Authors: Guan Yang, Hui Wang, Yifei Kang, Mei-Jun Zhu
• Journal: Food & function (Food Funct) Vol. 5 Issue 10 Pg. 2558-63 (Oct 2014) ISSN: 2042-650X [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25137131 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
• Beclin-1
• Becn1 protein, mouse
• Grape Seed Extract
• NF-kappa B
• Polyphenols
• Interleukin-10

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Beclin-1
• Cell Differentiation (drug effects)
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Epithelial Cells (drug effects, metabolism)
• Female
• Gene Deletion
• Grape Seed Extract (pharmacology)
• Ileum (drug effects)
• Inflammation (drug therapy)
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (drug therapy)
• Interleukin-10 (deficiency)
• Intestinal Mucosa (drug effects, metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• NF-kappa B (genetics, metabolism)
• Polyphenols (pharmacology)
• Promoter Regions, Genetic
• Vitis (chemistry)