Novel GALT variations and mutation spectrum in the Korean population with decreased galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase activity.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Classic galactosemia (OMIM #230400) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT, EC2.7.7.12) protein due to mutations in the GALT gene. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive and updated mutation spectrum of GALT in a Korean population.

METHODS:

Thirteen unrelated patients screened positive for galactosemia in a newborn screening program were included in this study. They showed a reduced GALT enzyme activity in red blood cells. Direct sequencing of the GALT gene and in silico analyses were done to evaluate the impact of novel variations upon GALT enzyme activity. We also reviewed previous reports for GALT mutations in Koreans.

RESULTS:

We identified six novel likely pathogenic variations including three missense (p.Ala101Asp, p.Tyr165His, and p.Pro257Thr), one small deletion/insertion [c.826_827delinsAA (p.Ala276Asn)], one frameshift (p.Asn96Serfs*5), and one splicing (c.378-1G > C) likely pathogenic variations. The most frequent variation was the Duarte variant (c.940A > G, 35.3%), followed by c.507G > C (p.Gln169His, 9.6%), among 34 Korean patients. Other mutations were widely scattered. None of the eight common mutations used for targeted mutation analysis in Western countries including p.Gln188Arg, p.Ser135Leu, p.Lys285Asn, p.Leu195Pro, p.Tyr209Cys, p.Phe171Ser, c.253-2A > G, and a 5 kb deletion, had been found in Koreans until this study.

CONCLUSIONS:

Considering the mutation spectrum in Koreans, direct sequence analysis of entire GALT exons is recommended for accurate diagnosis. The mutations responsible for GALT deficiency in the Korean population were clearly different from those of other populations.

• Authors: Rihwa Choi, Kyoung Il Jo, Dae-Hyun Ko, Dong Hwan Lee, Junghan Song, Dong-Kyu Jin, Chang-Seok Ki, Soo-Youn Lee, Jong-Won Kim, Yong-Wha Lee, Hyung-Doo Park
• Journal: BMC medical genetics (BMC Med Genet) Vol. 15 Pg. 94 (Aug 15 2014) ISSN: 1471-2350 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25124065 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• UTP-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase

Topics

• Asian People (genetics)
• Exons
• Female
• Frameshift Mutation
• Galactosemias (genetics)
• Genetic Variation
• Humans
• INDEL Mutation
• Infant
• Male
• Mutation
• Mutation, Missense
• RNA Splicing
• Sequence Analysis, DNA
• UTP-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase (genetics)