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Leishmanicidal and apoptotic activities of oleuropein on Leishmania major.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Leishmania is a unicellular protozoan parasite causing a wide range of human diseases ranging from localized self-healing cutaneous lesions to fatal visceral infections.
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of the present study is to assess the cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and apoptotic effects of oleuropein on Leishmania major promastigotes (MHOM/SA/84/JISH) and to compare its effects with the reference drug sodium stibogluconate (pentostam).
METHODS:
Cytotoxicity and promastigote proliferation were measured using MTT colorimetric assay. Furthermore, the Annexin V/propidium iodide staining technique followed by flow cytometry was used for studying the cell death properties of oleuropein.
RESULTS:
In the present report we have shown that oleuropein, a pharmacologically safe, natural product of olive leaf, has a potent leishmanicidal effect. Indeed, oleuropein exhibits cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects against Leishmania major promastigotes. Moreover, oleuropein triggers death through apoptosis, whereas pentostam induces death mainly via necrosis on Leishmania major promastigotes.
CONCLUSION:
Here we demonstrate for the first time that the non-toxic, natural product oleuropein has apoptotic properties against Leishmania major promastigotes. Further studies are needed to investigate its molecular pathway.
AuthorsMaha H Elamin, Salyha S AL-Maliki
JournalInternational journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 52 Issue 10 Pg. 880-8 (Oct 2014) ISSN: 0946-1965 [Print] Germany
PMID25109414 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Iridoid Glucosides
  • Iridoids
  • oleuropein
  • Antimony Sodium Gluconate
Topics
  • Antimony Sodium Gluconate (pharmacology)
  • Antiprotozoal Agents (pharmacology)
  • Apoptosis (drug effects)
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Iridoid Glucosides
  • Iridoids (pharmacology)
  • Leishmania major (drug effects)

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