Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arise from cells distributed throughout the endocrine system. Although, NETs are heterogeneous in their behavior, they tend to be more aggressive when arising in the pancreas. Pancreatic NET (panNET) represents three percent of all primary
pancreatic neoplasms. Symptomatic and progressive panNETs are generally treated with cytotoxic
chemotherapy, whereas
molecular targeted therapy is used for nonfunctional
tumors without aggressive features. Pharmacogenetics has increasingly been used recently to better identify potential targets for
therapy and help select patient-specific
therapy. In this review, we discuss two abstracts (Abstracts #4113 and #e15169) presented at the ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago this year, outlining the potential role of
tumor gene and gene product profiling in disease management. We describe what is known about the pathogenesis of these
tumors, role of decreased gene product expression (MGMT, RRM1, MET) and its application in cytotoxic
therapy selection, as well as genetic mutations that can be used for
molecular targeted therapy. With an overall shift towards
personalized medicine, it has become ever more important to identify the molecular signature of a
tumor as it appears to dictate the clinical behavior and response to
therapy.