Abstract | CONTEXT: EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Initially, we studied two different types of Canon and separated all herbs used in the treatment of headache. Next, all plants were classified according to the method of prescription. Then, we pick out all the plants which were nasally utilized in the treatment of headache and divided them based on the method of administration. In order to find scientific names of herbs, we used two different botany references. Moreover, we conducted various researches in scientific databases with the aim of finding results concerning the analgesic and antinociceptive effects of herbs. Throughout the research, key terms were " analgesic" and "antinociceptive "with the scientific names of all herbs separately. The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and SID. RESULTS: 35 plants were prescribed for the treatment of headaches, which were all nasally used. These plants took either the form of powder, liquid or gas ( steam). They were divided in to six categories according to the method of prescription. The Percentage of usage for each method was as follows: 62% Saoot (nasal drop), 25% Shamoom (smell), 17% Inkabab (vapor), 11% Nafookh (snuff), 11% Nashooq (inhaling) and 2% Bokhoor ( smoke). CONCLUSIONS: Medications that are used via nasal delivery have greater effect than oral medications. Iranian physicians were fully aware of systemic effects of topical medications, including prescription drugs through the nose. The study of ancient medical texts helps us in identification of herbal medicine and the investigation of new way for the preparation of drugs.
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Authors | Zahra Ghorbanifar, Hosein Delavar Kasmaei, Bagher Minaei, Hossein Rezaeizadeh, Farid Zayeri |
Journal | Iranian Red Crescent medical journal
(Iran Red Crescent Med J)
Vol. 16
Issue 6
Pg. e15935
(Jun 2014)
ISSN: 2074-1804 [Print] Estonia |
PMID | 25068043
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
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