A critical review of hemodynamic changes and left ventricular remodeling after surgical aortic valve replacement and percutaneous aortic valve replacement.

Abstract

UNLABELLED:

The introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in clinical practice has widened options for symptomatic patients at high surgical risk; however, it is not known whether TAVR has equivalent or prolonged benefits in terms of left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

METHODS:

To explore the relative hemodynamic benefits and postoperative LV remodeling associated with TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), we performed a critical review of the available literature. A total of 67 studies were included in this systematic review.

RESULTS:

There is at least equivalent if not slightly superior hemodynamic performance of TAVR over SAVR, and TAVR showed lower prosthesis-patient mismatch compared with SAVR. However, LV mass appears to regress to a greater degree after SAVR compared with TAVR. Aortic regurgitation, paravalvular in particular, is more common after TAVR than SAVR, although it is rarely more than moderate in severity. Improvements in diastolic function and mitral regurgitation are reported in only a handful of studies each and could not be compared across prosthesis types.

CONCLUSIONS:

The published data support the hemodynamic comparability of SAVR and TAVR, with the higher incidence of prosthesis-patient mismatch in SAVR offset by higher incidence of paravalvular leak in TAVR. These results highlight the need for further studies focusing on hemodynamic changes after valve therapy.

• Authors: Shin-Jae Kim, Zainab Samad, Gerald S Bloomfield, Pamela S Douglas
• Journal: American heart journal (Am Heart J) Vol. 168 Issue 2 Pg. 150-9.e1-7 (Aug 2014) ISSN: 1097-6744 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25066553 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Systematic Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Aortic Valve
• Aortic Valve Stenosis (surgery)
• Bioprosthesis
• Cardiac Catheterization
• Heart Valve Prosthesis
• Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation (methods, trends)
• Hemodynamics
• Humans
• Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular (epidemiology)
• Mitral Valve Insufficiency
• Postoperative Complications (epidemiology)
• Prosthesis Design
• Ventricular Function, Left (physiology)
• Ventricular Remodeling (physiology)