MoO2 is one of the most studied
anode systems in
lithium ion batteries. Previously, the reaction of
MoO2 with
lithium via
conversion reaction has been widely studied. The present study highlights the possible application of
MoO2 as an intercalation-based
anode material to improve the safety of
lithium ion batteries. Nanobelts of
MoO2 are prepared by reduction of
MoO3 nanobelts under
hydrogen atmosphere. The intercalation behavior of
MoO2 is specially focused upon by limiting the charge-discharge cycling to narrow potential window of 1.0 to 2.2 V vs Li/Li(+) to avoid
conversion reaction. An excellent electrochemical stability over 200 cycles is achieved at a current rate of 100 mAh g(-1). A phase transformation from monoclinic to orthorhombic to monoclinic is observed during the lithiation process, which is reversible during delithiation process and is confirmed by ex-situ XRD and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. To further demonstrate the viability of
MoO2 as a commercial
anode material,
MoO2 is tested in a full-cell configuration against
LiFePO4. The full-cell assembly is cycled for 100 cycles and stable performance is observed. The combination showed an energy density of 70 Wh kg(-1) after 100 cycles.