Abstract | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we introduce the epidemiological features, clinical types, laboratory diagnosis, and routine surveillance of leptospirosis in China. RECENT FINDINGS:
Leptospirosis has been prevalent sporadically in China in recent years, but its incidence has decreased, probably due to the lower leptospire-carrying rate in pigs. Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai is the most common pathogen in Chinese leptospirosis patients and Apodemus agrarius is its major animal host. At least 75% of Chinese leptospirosis patients suffer from the mild influenza-like type of leptospirosis that is caused by any serovars of L. interrogans. However, leptospirosis patients with the pulmonary diffuse hemorrhagic type have a high mortality (40-60%). L. interrogans serovar Lai is the causative agent in 75% of the pulmonary diffuse hemorrhagic leptospirosis patients. Several outer membrane protein antigens exist in all the L. interrogans serovars prevailing in China and predominant T- and B-cell combined epitopes in the outer membrane protein antigens have been identified that can be used for developing novel universal leptospirosis vaccines. SUMMARY:
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Authors | Weilin Hu, Xu'ai Lin, Jie Yan |
Journal | Current opinion in infectious diseases
(Curr Opin Infect Dis)
Vol. 27
Issue 5
Pg. 432-6
(Oct 2014)
ISSN: 1473-6527 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25061933
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
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Chemical References |
- Vaccines, DNA
- Vaccines, Synthetic
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Topics |
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Animals, Domestic
- Animals, Wild
- China
(epidemiology)
- Climate
- Disease Outbreaks
(prevention & control)
- Dogs
- Humans
- Incidence
- Leptospira
(classification, immunology, isolation & purification)
- Leptospira interrogans
(isolation & purification)
- Leptospirosis
(diagnosis, epidemiology, immunology, prevention & control)
- Population Surveillance
- Prevalence
- Rats
- Seasons
- Sex Factors
- Swine
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, DNA
(administration & dosage)
- Vaccines, Synthetic
(administration & dosage)
- Zoonoses
(diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention & control)
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