Natural killer (NK) cells are important effector cells for the first line of defense against
tumor. Distant MHC class I homolog
MICA has been identified as human
ligand for NK cell activating
receptor NKG2D. Engagement of
MICA triggers NK cells and augments
antigen-specific CTL anti-
tumor immunity. However, the expression level of
MICA and its clinical significance in
hepatocellular carcinoma remains to be elucidated. In the present study, a hospital-based study cohort of 143 HCC patients was involved.
MICA expression levels were determined by immunohistochemical staining. The association of
MICA expression with
tumor clinicopathologic features, disease-free survival, and overall survival of HCC patients were analyzed. Significantly decreased expression of
MICA was detected in
tumor specimens.
MICA expression was significantly associated with AFP level (P < 0.001) and
tumor node
metastasis stage (P = 0.003). Patients with reduced level of
MICA had a statistically significantly shorter disease-free survival and overall survival duration than patients with preserved expression of
MICA. However, in multivariate analysis,
MICA expression level was found not to be an independent prognostic factor for both disease-free survival and overall survival of HCC patients. Our findings suggest that decreased
MICA expression may play an important role in HCC
tumor evasion of host immunity, which warrants further investigation in future studies.