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Anti-tumor activity of safranal against neuroblastoma cells.

AbstractOBJECTIVE:
Safranal (2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde, C10H14O) is an active ingredient in the saffron, which is used in traditional medicine, and also, the biological activity of saffron in anti-cancer is in development. It has been reported to have anti-oxidant effects, but its anti-tumor effects remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of safranal on anti-tumor on neuroblastoma cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Neuroblastoma cells were cultured and exposed to safranal (0, 10, 15, 20, 50 μg/ml). Cell proliferation was examined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptotic cells, cell cycle distribution, and sub-G1 fraction were analyzed using flow cytometric analysis after propidium iodide staining.
RESULTS:
Safranal inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The IC (50) values against the neuroblastoma cell line were determined as 11.1 and 23.3 μg/ml after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Safranal induced a sub-G1 peak in the flow cytometry histogram of treated cells compared to control cells indicating that apoptotic cell death is involved in safranal toxicity.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our pre-clinical study demonstrated a neuroblastoma cell line to be highly sensitive to safranal-mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death. Although the molecular mechanisms of safranal action are not yet clearly understood, it appears to have potential as a therapeutic agent.
AuthorsSaeed Samarghandian, Mohammad Ebrahim Shoshtari, Javad Sargolzaei, Hosna Hossinimoghadam, Jabbari Azad Farahzad
JournalPharmacognosy magazine (Pharmacogn Mag) Vol. 10 Issue Suppl 2 Pg. S419-24 (Apr 2014) ISSN: 0973-1296 [Print] India
PMID24991121 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

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