Nasal fluid release of eotaxin-3 and eotaxin-2 in persistent sinonasal eosinophilic inflammation.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The aim of the present study was to measure eotaxin-3 (CCL26) and eotaxin-2 (CCL24) in nasal lavage fluid of patients with different forms of chronic sinonasal eosinophilic inflammation to evaluate their role in the pathophysiology of nasal hypereosinophilia.

METHODS:

The study was an analytic cross-section study, level of evidence 3b. Patients (n = 80) with nasal hypereosinophilia were randomly recruited and grouped in the following categories: persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) (n = 25), nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) (n = 30), and chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP) (n = 25). Non-rhinitic volunteers (n = 20) were recruited as controls. CCL24 and CCL26 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Quantikine Human Immunoassays (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) in nasal lavage fluids. Differential cell counts were performed by microscopic cytological examination of nasal tissue scraped from the inferior turbinate.

RESULTS:

Mean CCL26 levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in AR and in NARES (132.0 pg/mL and 187.63 pg/mL, respectively) than in the control group (13.5 pg/mL); in patients with CRSwNP, CCL26 values were increased compared to controls even though the difference was not statistically significant (58.9 pg/mL vs 16.5 pg/mL). Mean CCL24 levels measured in AR, NARES, and CRSwNP were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to controls (96.7 pg/mL, 135.4 pg/mL, and 107.0 pg/mL, respectively, vs 32.2 pg/mL). Moreover, we observed a significant correlation between CCL24 and CCL26 levels, evaluating them intraindividually by Spearman's rank correlation test. Finally, a significant correlation was found between CCL24 and CCL26 levels and the percentage of eosinophilic infiltration of nasal mucosa.

CONCLUSION:

Our data suggest that CCL26 and CCL24 are likely involved in the pathogenesis of chronic nasal hypereosinophilia, with a complex cooperation and different involvement of the various members of eotaxin family. Further studies are necessary to better understand the actual physiopathologic mechanism, possible clinical relevance, and therapeutic implications.

• Authors: Eugenio De Corso, Silvia Baroni, Mariapina Battista, Matteo Romanello, Romina Penitente, Walter Di Nardo, Giulio Cesare Passali, Bruno Sergi, Anna Rita Fetoni, Francesco Bussu, Cecilia Zuppi, Gaetano Paludetti
• Journal: International forum of allergy & rhinology (Int Forum Allergy Rhinol) Vol. 4 Issue 8 Pg. 617-24 (Aug 2014) ISSN: 2042-6984 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24989688 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2014 ARS-AAOA, LLC.

Chemical References

• CCL26 protein, human
• Chemokine CCL24
• Chemokine CCL26
• Chemokines, CC

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Chemokine CCL24 (analysis, immunology)
• Chemokine CCL26
• Chemokines, CC (analysis, immunology)
• Chronic Disease
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Eosinophils (immunology)
• Female
• Humans
• Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (immunology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Nasal Lavage Fluid (chemistry, immunology)
• Nasal Mucosa (immunology)
• Nasal Polyps (immunology)
• Rhinitis, Allergic (immunology)
• Sinusitis (immunology)
• Young Adult