The discovery and development of the N-substituted trans-3,4-dimethyl-4-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)piperidine class of pure opioid receptor antagonists.

Abstract

N-Substituted trans-3,4-dimethyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)piperidines are a class of pure opioid receptor antagonists with a novel pharmacophore. This opioid receptor antagonist pharmacophore was used as a lead structure to design and develop several interesting and useful opioid receptor antagonists. In this review we describe: 1) early SAR studies that led to the discovery of LY255582 and analogues that are nonselective opioid receptor antagonists developed for the treatment of obesity; 2) the discovery and commercialization of LY246736 (alvimopan; ENTEREG®), a peripherally selective opioid receptor antagonist that accelerates the time to upper and lower GI recovery following surgeries that include partial bowel resection with primary anastomosis; and 3) the discovery and development of the potent and selective κ opioid receptor antagonist JDTic and analogues as potential pharmacotherapies for treating depression, anxiety, and substance abuse (nicotine, alcohol, and cocaine). In addition, the use of JDTic for obtaining the X-ray structure of the human κ opioid receptor is discussed.

• Authors: F Ivy Carroll, Roland E Dolle
• Journal: ChemMedChem (ChemMedChem) Vol. 9 Issue 8 Pg. 1638-54 (Aug 2014) ISSN: 1860-7187 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 24981721 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)
• Copyright: © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Chemical References

• Narcotic Antagonists
• Piperidines
• Receptors, Opioid
• alvimopan

Topics

• Crystallography, X-Ray
• Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
• Humans
• Narcotic Antagonists (chemistry, metabolism)
• Piperidines (chemistry, metabolism)
• Protein Binding
• Protein Structure, Tertiary
• Receptors, Opioid (chemistry, metabolism)
• Structure-Activity Relationship