N-acetyl-l-cystine (NAC) protects against H9N2 swine influenza virus-induced acute lung injury.

Abstract

The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) had been shown to inhibit replication of seasonal human influenza A viruses. Here, the effects of NAC on H9N2 swine influenza virus-induced acute lung injury (ALI) were investigated in mice. BALB/c mice were inoculated intranasally with 10(7) 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID(50)) of A/swine/HeBei/012/2008/(H9N2) viruses with or without NAC treatments to induce ALI model. The result showed that pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary edema, MPO activity, total cells, neutrophils, macrophages, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and CXCL-10 in BALF were attenuated by NAC. Moreover, our data showed that NAC significantly inhibited the levels of TLR4 protein and TLR4 mRNA in the lungs. Pharmacological inhibitors of TLR4 (E5564) exerted similar effects like those determined for NAC in H9N2 swine influenza virus-infected mice. These results suggest that antioxidants like NAC represent a potential additional treatment option that could be considered in the case of an influenza A virus pandemic.

• Authors: Rui-Hua Zhang, Chun-Hong Li, Cun-Lian Wang, Ming-Ju Xu, Tong Xu, Dong Wei, Bao-Jian Liu, Guo-Hua Wang, Shu-Fei Tian
• Journal: International immunopharmacology (Int Immunopharmacol) Vol. 22 Issue 1 Pg. 1-8 (Sep 2014) ISSN: 1878-1705 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 24968347 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Cytokines
• E5564
• Inflammation Mediators
• Lipid A
• Toll-Like Receptor 4
• Peroxidase
• Acetylcysteine

Topics

• Acetylcysteine (administration & dosage)
• Acute Lung Injury (etiology, immunology, prevention & control)
• Animals
• Antioxidants (administration & dosage)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Humans
• Inflammation Mediators (metabolism)
• Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype (drug effects, physiology)
• Influenza, Human (drug therapy, immunology)
• Lipid A (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Lung (drug effects, immunology, virology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Orthomyxoviridae Infections (complications, drug therapy, immunology)
• Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Swine
• Toll-Like Receptor 4 (antagonists & inhibitors, genetics, metabolism)
• Virus Replication (drug effects)