Anti-Propionibacterium acnes assay-guided purification of brazilin and preparation of brazilin rich extract from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae or Fabaceae) heartwood has been used as a coloring agent, with antibacterial activity in food, beverages, cosmetics, and garments.

OBJECTIVES:

To purify brazilin from C. sappan heartwood and use it as a standard marker for the preparation and standardization of an active constituent-rich extract.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Crude ethanol extracts of C. sappan heartwood (CSE) were fractionated to isolate brazilin by an anti-P. acnes assay-guided isolation. Quantitative analysis was performed by HPLC. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined by the broth microdilution method.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Brazilin isolated from CSE possessed antibacterial activity against P. acnes with MIC and MBC values of 15.6 and 31.2 µg/mL, respectively. Brazilin was, therefore, used as a standard marker for standardization and preparation of a brazilin rich extract (BRE). BRE was prepared from CSE using a simple one-step purification using a macroporous resin column eluted with 35% v/v ethanol. This method increased the brazilin content in the BRE up to 39.9% w/w. The antibacterial activity of the standardized BRE against acne involved bacteria was higher than for the CSE but lower than brazilin. However, for industrial applications, a large-scale one-step preparation of BRE has more advantages than the use of pure brazilin in terms of convenience and a low-cost production process. Therefore, BRE is considered as a potential coloring agent with antibacterial activity which is used for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical applications.

• Authors: Nilesh Prakash Nirmal, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
• Journal: Pharmaceutical biology (Pharm Biol) Vol. 52 Issue 9 Pg. 1204-7 (Sep 2014) ISSN: 1744-5116 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 24963948 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Benzopyrans
• Plant Extracts
• Ethanol
• brazilin

Topics

• Anti-Bacterial Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Benzopyrans (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Caesalpinia (chemistry)
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
• Ethanol (chemistry)
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
• Propionibacterium acnes (drug effects)