Siphonaxanthin, a green algal carotenoid, as a novel functional compound.
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| Abstract |
Siphonaxanthin is a specific keto-carotenoid in green algae whose bio-functional properties are yet to be identified. This review focuses on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound and outlines the evidence associated with functionality. Siphonaxanthin has been reported to potently inhibit the viability of human leukemia HL-60 cells via induction of apoptosis. In comparison with fucoxanthin, siphonaxanthin markedly reduced cell viability as early as 6 h after treatment. The cellular uptake of siphonaxanthin was 2-fold higher than fucoxanthin. It has been proposed that siphonaxanthin possesses significant anti-angiogenic activity in studies using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and rat aortic ring. The results of these studies suggested that the anti-angiogenic effect of siphonaxanthin is due to the down-regulation of signal transduction by fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 in vascular endothelial cells. Siphonaxanthin also exhibited inhibitory effects on antigen-induced degranulation of mast cells. These findings open up new avenues for future research on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound, and additional investigation, especially in vivo studies, are required to validate these findings. In addition, further studies are needed to determine its bioavailability and metabolic fate.
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| Authors | Tatsuya Sugawara, Ponesakki Ganesan, Zhuosi Li, Yuki Manabe, Takashi Hirata |
| Journal | Marine drugs (Mar Drugs) Vol. 12 Issue 6 Pg. 3660-8 (Jun 19 2014) ISSN: 1660-3397 [Electronic] Switzerland |
| PMID | 24950294 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review) |
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