Characterization of an injectable, degradable polymer for mechanical stabilization of mandibular fractures.

Abstract

This study investigated the use of injectable poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) formulations for mandibular fracture stabilization applications. A full factorial design with main effects analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of the PPF:N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP, crosslinking agent) ratio and dimethyl toluidine (DMT, accelerator) concentration on key physicochemical properties including setting time, maximum temperature, mechanical properties, sol fraction, and swelling ratio. Additionally, the effects of formulation crosslinking time on the mechanical and swelling properties were investigated. The results showed that increasing the PPF:NVP ratio from 3:1 to 4:1 or decreasing the DMT concentration from 0.05 to 0.01 v/w % significantly decreased all mechanical properties as well as significantly increased the sol fraction and swelling ratio. Also, increasing the crosslinking time at 37°C from 1 to 7 days significantly increased all mechanical properties and decreased both the sol fraction and swelling ratio. This study further showed that the flexural stiffness of ex vivo stabilized rabbit mandibles increased from 1.7 ± 0.3 N/mm with a traditional mini-plate fixator to 14.5 ± 4.1 N/mm for the 4:1 (0.05 v/w % DMT) PPF formulation at day 1. Overall, the formulations tested in this study were found to have properties suitable for potential further consideration in mandibular fracture fixation applications.

• Authors: Allan M Henslee, Diana M Yoon, Benjamin Y Lu, Joseph Yu, Andrew A Arango, Liann P Marruffo, Luke Seng, Tamir D Anver, Hunaiza Ather, Manitha B Nair, Sean O Piper, Nagi Demian, Mark E K Wong, F Kurtis Kasper, Antonios G Mikos
• Journal: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials (J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater) Vol. 103 Issue 3 Pg. 529-38 (Apr 2015) ISSN: 1552-4981 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24934595 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Biocompatible Materials
• Bone Cements
• Cross-Linking Reagents
• Fumarates
• Polypropylenes
• Pyrrolidinones
• Toluidines
• poly(propylene fumarate)
• N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
• dimethyl-4-toluidine

Topics

• Absorbable Implants
• Animals
• Biocompatible Materials (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Bone Cements (therapeutic use)
• Bone Plates
• Bone Screws
• Cementoplasty
• Compressive Strength
• Cross-Linking Reagents (pharmacology)
• Fracture Fixation, Internal
• Fumarates (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• In Vitro Techniques
• Injections, Intralesional
• Mandibular Fractures (surgery, therapy)
• Materials Testing
• Models, Anatomic
• Pliability
• Polymerization
• Polypropylenes (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Pyrrolidinones (pharmacology)
• Rabbits
• Stress, Mechanical
• Temperature
• Time Factors
• Toluidines (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Torsion, Mechanical