Characteristics of clometacin-induced hepatitis with special reference to the presence of anti-actin cable antibodies.

Abstract

The clinical, biochemical, histopathological and immunological features of 30 cases of clometacin-induced hepatitis are described. The age range of the patients was 32-84 years with a notable female predominance of 29:1. The hepatitis was highly cytolytic with high values of transaminases but with little or no cholestasis. Gammaglobulins were higher than 18 g/l in 73% of the cases. 25 liver biopsies were performed and showed acute hepatitis with a predominant centrilobular necrosis in 17; chronic aggressive hepatitis was noted in 8 cases but 1 showed concomitant cirrhotic changes. Anti-tissue antibodies were looked for in all cases. Anti-smooth muscle antibodies of anti-actin cable type (titre 1/80 to 1/2, 560) were detected in 19 cases, anti-nucleus antibodies in 16 cases which were associated to the former in 14 cases. The above findings show that clometacin produces a hepatitis syndrome quite akin to autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (lupoid hepatitis) and to the hepatopathy induced by oxyphenisatin.

• Authors: S Islam, F Mekhloufi, J M Paul, M Islam, C Johanet, C Legendre, C Degott, N Abuaf, J C Homberg
• Journal: Autoimmunity (Autoimmunity) Vol. 2 Issue 3 Pg. 213-21 ( 1989) ISSN: 0891-6934 [Print] England
• PMID: 2491606 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Actins
• Analgesics
• Autoantibodies
• Indoleacetic Acids
• clometacin

Topics

• Actins (immunology)
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Analgesics (adverse effects)
• Autoantibodies (blood)
• Autoimmune Diseases (chemically induced, immunology, pathology)
• Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (etiology, immunology, pathology)
• Female
• Humans
• Hypergammaglobulinemia (chemically induced)
• Indoleacetic Acids (adverse effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Muscle, Smooth (immunology)
• Sex Factors