[MRI and CT in the diagnosis of epilepsy].

Abstract

MRI and CT are important for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. Diffusion-weighted images are particularly useful for detecting early changes in the brain. In this article, I reviewed radiological findings associated with seizures (reduced diffusion and swelling of hippocampus and cortex, and a reversible splenial lesion), and lesions causing epilepsy and seizures, such as congenital abnormality of the brain (holoprosencephaly, hemimegalencephaly, lissencephaly, heterotopia, polymicrogyria, schizencephaly, and focal cortical dysplasia), neurocutaneous syndromes (tuberous sclerosis and Sturge-Weber syndrome), vascular disorders (moyamoya disease/syndrome and cavernous angioma), and encephalitis/encephalopathy (herpes encephalitis, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood, and acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion).

• Authors: Jun-ichi Takanashi
• Journal: Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine (Nihon Rinsho) Vol. 72 Issue 5 Pg. 819-26 (May 2014) ISSN: 0047-1852 [Print] Japan
• PMID: 24912281 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Topics

• Adult
• Brain (diagnostic imaging, pathology)
• Brain Diseases (complications, diagnosis, pathology)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Epilepsy (diagnosis, etiology, pathology)
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed