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Identification and phylogenetic relationship of Iranian strains of various Leishmania species isolated from cutaneous and visceral cases of leishmaniasis based on N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase gene.

Abstract
The identity of Iranian Leishmania species has been resolved to some extent by some genetic markers. In this study, based on N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase (nagt) gene, we further elucidated the identity and phylogeny of the prevalent species in this country. DNAs of 121 isolates belonging to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients, canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) cases, and Rhombomys opimus rodents were amplified by targeting a partial sequence of nagt gene. All the amplicons were analyzed with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using Acc1 enzyme, and 49 amplicons representing different reservoir hosts were sequenced and aligned with similar sequences from GenBank database. The RFLP analysis revealed that 41 CL patients were infected Leishmania tropica and 36 with Leishmania major. Among 10 CVL isolates, 6 were identified as Leishmania infantum and 4 as L. tropica. Amongst 34 rodents' isolates, 11 and 23 isolates exhibited patterns similar to those of L. major, and L. tropica/Leishmania turanica, respectively. The sequencing results from all CL patients, CVL cases, and 4 reservoir rodents were in agreement with RFLP analysis and showed 99-100% homologies with the registered species of L. major, L. tropica, and L. infantum from Turkey, Tunisia, Iraq and Israel. Of the 7 rodent isolates exhibiting RFLP patterns similar to L. tropica/L. turanica, 3 exhibited the highest homologies (99-100%) with L. turanica and 4 with Leishmania gerbilli. The 49 nagt DNA sequences were grouped into five clusters representing L. major, L. tropica, L. infantum, L. turanica and L. gerbilli species, encompassing 19 haplotypes. No correlation was observed between intraspecies divergence and geographic distribution of haplotypes. The L. tropica haplotypes exhibited more homologies with those of L. infantum than L. major (97.2% vs. 96.9%), a probable indication to the potential ability of L. tropica to visceralize. Characterization of Iranian Leishmania isolates using nagt gene allowed unambiguous identification of five prevalent species with a high-resolution phylogeny.
AuthorsHoma Hajjaran, Mehdi Mohebali, Aref Teimouri, Mohammad Ali Oshaghi, Hamed Mirjalali, Elham Kazemi-Rad, Mohammad Reza Shiee, Saied Reza Naddaf
JournalInfection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases (Infect Genet Evol) Vol. 26 Pg. 203-12 (Aug 2014) ISSN: 1567-7257 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID24911282 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)
  • UDPacetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase
Topics
  • Animals
  • Dogs
  • Geography
  • Humans
  • Iran (epidemiology)
  • Leishmania (classification, genetics)
  • Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous (epidemiology, parasitology)
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral (epidemiology, parasitology)
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phylogeny
  • Phylogeography
  • Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
  • Rodentia
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) (genetics)

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