Antiviral agents with activity against human retroviruses.

Abstract

The ability of various known anti-HIV antivirals to inhibit four different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a strain of type 2 (HIV-2), and a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was tested. The tested substances included two sulfated polysaccharides (lentinan sulfate and dextran sulfate) and a nonsulfated polysaccharide PSK, E-P-LEM, glycyrrhizin sulfate, and nucleoside analogues (AZT and DHT). The effects of the substances were measured quantitatively with two different assays: (i) inhibition of cell-free viral infection and (ii) inhibition of the fusion reaction induced by cell-to-cell infection. The results showed that cell-free infection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 was almost completely blocked in the presence of all of the substances tested. However, cell-to-cell infection by HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTLV-I was inhibited only by the polysaccharides, E-P-LEM, and glycyrrhizin sulfate but not by the two nucleoside analogues. Moreover, the extent of inhibition of the fusion reaction by the substances varied significantly from strain to strain in HIV-1.

• Authors: T S Tochikura, H Nakashima, N Yamamoto
• Journal: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988)) Vol. 2 Issue 5 Pg. 441-7 ( 1989) ISSN: 0894-9255 [Print] United States
• PMID: 2477523 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Dextrans
• Dideoxynucleosides
• Fungal Proteins
• Lentinus edodes mycelia extract E-P-LEM
• Polysaccharides
• Proteoglycans
• lentinan sulfate
• Lentinan
• polysaccharide-K
• Zidovudine
• Glycyrrhizic Acid
• Dextran Sulfate
• Stavudine
• Glycyrrhetinic Acid

Topics

• Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)
• Deltaretrovirus (drug effects, physiology, ultrastructure)
• Dextran Sulfate
• Dextrans (pharmacology)
• Dideoxynucleosides (pharmacology)
• Fungal Proteins (pharmacology)
• Glycyrrhetinic Acid (pharmacology)
• Glycyrrhizic Acid
• HIV-1 (drug effects, physiology, ultrastructure)
• HIV-2 (drug effects, physiology, ultrastructure)
• Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (drug effects, physiology, ultrastructure)
• Lentinan (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Polysaccharides (pharmacology)
• Proteoglycans (pharmacology)
• Stavudine
• Zidovudine (pharmacology)