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Cognitive impairment in "Other" movement disorders: hidden defects and valuable clues.

Abstract
There is a group of less-common movement disorders in which a clear cognitive phenotype coexists alongside the motor abnormality, and the recognition of this co-occurrence is essential to diagnose these disorders in an early phase. Examples include chorea-acanthocytosis, Niemann-Pick type C, some dominant ataxias, and pantothotenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration. However, also, in some more-common movement disorders, such as primary dystonia and essential tremor, of which the perception is that these have a more or less pure motor phenotype, cognitive deficits are commonly present, although it is not clear whether these deficits-which may be mild in the more "pure" motor disorders-have a functionally relevant impact. In both scenarios, disruption of relevant frontal-subcortical loops appears to be key, with the striatum and cerebellum as important (but not exclusive) nodes.
AuthorsMark Walterfang, Bart P van de Warrenburg
JournalMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society (Mov Disord) Vol. 29 Issue 5 Pg. 694-703 (Apr 15 2014) ISSN: 1531-8257 [Electronic] United States
PMID24757117 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
Copyright© 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Topics
  • Animals
  • Brain (pathology)
  • Cognition (physiology)
  • Cognition Disorders (complications, diagnosis, physiopathology)
  • Essential Tremor (physiopathology)
  • Humans
  • Movement Disorders (diagnosis, etiology, physiopathology)

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