High-resolution MRI vessel wall imaging: spatial and temporal patterns of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and central nervous system vasculitis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

High-resolution MR imaging is an emerging tool for evaluating intracranial artery disease. It has an advantage of defining vessel wall characteristics of intracranial vascular diseases. We investigated high-resolution MR imaging arterial wall characteristics of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome to determine wall pattern changes during a follow-up period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed 3T-high-resolution MR imaging vessel wall studies performed on 26 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome during a follow-up period. Vessel wall imaging protocol included black-blood contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences with fat suppression and a saturation band, and time-of-flight MRA of the circle of Willis. Vessel wall characteristics including enhancement, wall thickening, and lumen narrowing were collected.

RESULTS:

Thirteen patients with CNS vasculitis and 13 patients with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome were included. In the CNS vasculitis group, 9 patients showed smooth, concentric wall enhancement and thickening; 3 patients had smooth, eccentric wall enhancement and thickening; and 1 patient was without wall enhancement and thickening. Six of 13 patients had follow-up imaging; 4 patients showed stable smooth, concentric enhancement and thickening; and 2 patients had resoluton of initial imaging findings. In the reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome group, 10 patients showed diffuse, uniform wall thickening with negligible-to-mild enhancement. Nine patients had follow-up imaging, with 8 patients showing complete resolution of the initial findings.

CONCLUSIONS:

Postgadolinium 3T-high-resolution MR imaging appears to be a feasible tool in differentiating vessel wall patterns of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome changes during a follow-up period.

• Authors: E C Obusez, F Hui, R A Hajj-Ali, R Cerejo, L H Calabrese, T Hammad, S E Jones
• Journal: AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology (AJNR Am J Neuroradiol) Vol. 35 Issue 8 Pg. 1527-32 (Aug 2014) ISSN: 1936-959X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24722305 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2014 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Cerebrovascular Disorders (pathology)
• Female
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Angiography (methods)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (methods)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed
• Vasculitis, Central Nervous System (pathology)
• Vasoconstriction