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Restoring the gut microbiome for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered to be a highly successful therapy for recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) based on recent clinical trials. The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is thought to be due in part to perturbations in the gut microflora that disrupt homeostasis. FMT restores essential components of the microflora which could reverse the inflammatory processes observed in IBD. Case reports and series for the treatment of IBD by FMT have shown promise with regards to treatment success and safety despite the limitations of the reporting. Future studies will determine the optimal delivery and preparation of stool as well as the conditions under which the recipient will derive maximal benefit. The long term consequences of FMT with regards to infection, cancer, auto-immune, and metabolic diseases are not known and will require continued regulation and study. Despite these limitations, FMT may be beneficial for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, particularly those with concurrent CDI or with pouchitis.
AuthorsJessica R Allegretti, Matthew J Hamilton
JournalWorld journal of gastroenterology (World J Gastroenterol) Vol. 20 Issue 13 Pg. 3468-74 (Apr 07 2014) ISSN: 2219-2840 [Electronic] United States
PMID24707129 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Topics
  • Biological Therapy (methods)
  • Clostridioides difficile
  • Clostridium Infections (microbiology)
  • Colitis, Ulcerative (microbiology)
  • Crohn Disease (microbiology)
  • Dysbiosis (immunology)
  • Feces (microbiology)
  • Humans
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (microbiology)
  • Intestines (microbiology)
  • Microbiota
  • Pouchitis (immunology)
  • Treatment Outcome

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