In-
stent restenosis (ISR) remains the most common complication of
percutaneous coronary intervention. Due to shared risk factors, it is postulated that
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (
NAFLD) patients have an increased risk of ISR. This study aimed to determine the association between
NAFLD and ISR in patients after bare
metal stenting. This study included a cohort of 210 consecutive patients (150 men and 60 women) undergoing follow-up angiography. The primary end-point was angiographic ISR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for ISR. The cumulative ISR rate during follow-up was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Subgroup analyses were also done for different gender. The ISR rate was 29.5%. Patients with
NAFLD had a significantly higher prevalence of ISR than patients without
NAFLD (43.3 vs. 16.0%, P < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis,
NAFLD was associated with increased ISR, independent of
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index (adjusted odds ratio: 2.688, 95% confidence intervals: 1.285-5.537, P < 0.001). Male
NAFLD patients had a higher prevalence of ISR than patients without
NAFLD (48.4 vs. 15.3%, P < 0.001), while the prevalence of ISR in female patients with and without
NAFLD were comparable (7.7 vs. 17.0%, P = 0.404). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association between
NAFLD and ISR in all patients (log-rank P = 0.008) and in male subgroup (log-rank P = 0.033), but not in female subgroup (log-rank P = 0.313). This preliminary study suggests that
NAFLD could independently associate with a high prevalence of ISR, especially in male patients.